Bringing home a second dog

One of the thorniest issues a pet owner may face is introducing another dog or puppy into the family. A dog who has had the house and family to himself may not welcome another dog in his "den," and may resent having to share his family's attention. The initial meeting is important, so you'll need to prepare to improve your chances of success.

If your dog has fought with other dogs in the past, please talk with a Certified Applied Animal Behaviorist, Veterinary Behaviorist, or Certified Professional Dog Trainer before introducing the new dog or puppy into your home.

Before the first meeting

Before introducing your new puppy, take away all items your dog might feel protective of. Food dishes, favorite toys, even nests or bedding may cause your dog to react aggressively to the presence of another, even if he hasn't shown these behaviors in the past. Clean up any untidiness or clutter, as the dogs may feel pushed together if their space is confined.

Neutral ground

To help prevent the resident dog from getting territorial, choose a place such as a park or other open area for the initial meeting. This provides a neutral atmosphere with other things going on to distract the dogs, and they will be able to separate if they want to. Be sure there is another person to handle one of the dogs.

Each of you should bring a dog separately to the meeting place. Allow them to meet as if you were on a normal walk. Keep their leashes loose, or let them go, so they won't feel restrained. After the obligatory sniffing, a puppy will probably become submissive to a grown dog by exposing his belly. If your resident dog is used to others, he may want to play with the puppy, or he may just be more interested in other things.

Two grown dogs may go through an extensive ritual of posturing, sniffing, playing or even urinating. After this, one or both may simply choose to pay no attention to the other, but don't worry if they growl a little or try to dominate each other. Let them establish their rapport with as little interference from you as possible.

Only get in the middle if the dogs begin to fight, or tension is obviously mounting. Tension behaviors include hackle-raising (the hair on the back of their necks standing on end), baring their teeth, deep growling, nipping or snapping. If you witness any of these behaviors, separate the dogs before a fight begins by calling them or gently prodding them apart. Do not pull on the leash as this may instigate the fight. Use treats to gain their attention and move them apart.

This initial meeting should be brief. Afterwards, bring your dogs on your normal walk. If you have several dogs, introduce each separately before allowing them to meet together.

Introducing your home

Complete your walk and return home as you would do in your normal routine. If your dogs got along well at the neutral ground, let them off leash in a yard or fenced area if possible. After a while, the dogs will be ready to come inside. Your first dog should come inside off-leash, but the new dog or puppy should be left on his lead and allowed to explore the house room by room. If the first dog seems comfortable and accepting, you can set the new dog loose.

For the first one to two weeks, always watch the interactions between the dogs. Do not leave them alone together until you are sure they are comfortable with each other. Remember your first dog has established habits, so take both on walks, feed meals, and play with them at the usual times. This will help your first dog see that the new one is not a disruption to his normal day.

It is important during this interim period to watch the dogs in circumstances that might antagonize one or both. Anything that may excite the dogs could set them off - family members returning home, walks, visitors, meals, and play.

While it is great if the dogs become fond of one another, don't forget to spend time with each of them, apart from the other. You want their primary bond to be with you, not the other dog, so get in some quality one-on-one time.

A few don'ts:

• DON'T introduce a puppy to a grown dog by holding him in your arms. The puppy could feel restrained and vulnerable. The best way is to let the puppy greet the dog on his terms, on the ground. You can help by providing a space between your feet for the puppy to run to if he feels it is all a little too much to handle.
• DON'T let a grown dog walk over, knock down, or bully the puppy.
• DON'T confine dogs together in a crate, automobile, or small room until they are fully at ease with each other.
• DON'T allow one dog to bully the other into giving up his meal. Place their bowls far enough away from each other to help control this behavior. Train each dog to eat only from his own bowl. If one dog finishes before the other, you must train him to leave the other dog's meal alone.
• DON'T EVER let a fight between two dogs go on. "Let them fight it out. It's the only way they'll learn to get along." WRONG! Following this advice will simply lead to a very bad relationship down the line. You will need to step in and break up the dogs whether from a fight or if one dog is aggressively bullying the other. It is always best to stop a battle so the dogs do not think belligerent behavior is okay.

Separating fighting dogs

This can be a scary prospect and it isn't unusual for owners to be bitten, even by their own dog, while trying to separate fighting animals. Here are a few tips to help you separate the dogs while minimizing the chances of being bitten:

• Try screaming; not at the dogs directly, but simply letting out a "howl"--this can work by distracting the dogs from the fight.
• If the dogs are on leads, pull them apart with these, being careful not to cause further injury as some dogs will react to a tightening leash by biting down harder. (It is also for this reason that you should avoid beating the dogs with a stick or weapon.)
• If the dogs are off-leash, grab one of them from behind and lift him into the air. The feeling of being up off the ground can distract the dog from the fight. Use caution--this tactic can put you in an exposed position, so use caution.
• Try grabbing the provoker by the tail, ear, or testicles. Squeeze hard enough to persuade the dog to turn his attention toward you. Be ready to move out of the way in case the dog turns to bite.
• Using a water hose, an air horn, or one of many sprays available at pet supply stores may also be effective.
• When one dog has clamped down on the other, you might have to resort to prying the dog's jaws apart. Use a stick if possible and your hands as a last resort. Another choice is to use your fingers to cut off the dog's air by placing pressure against his windpipe.

Always use these tactics with caution for yourself and others in the area. If possible, two people working together are better than one alone. If the situation is impossible to deal with contact the police, who will try to control the situation until animal control arrives.

Source: Adapted from the ASPCA

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